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What Is ClockworkMod Recovery And How To Use It On Android [Complete Guide]

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ClockworkMod – also known as Clockwork and CWM – is a customrecovery for Android phones and tablets that allows you to perform several advanced recovery, restoration, installation and maintenance operations on your Android device that aren’t possible with the stock recovery. In what follows, we will cover all that this recovery is capable of doing, and how to do it.

Here is what we shall be covering in this guide:

Now let’s take a look at each of these topics in detail.

About Android Recovery

All Android devices ship with a recovery console that is basically a partition on the device’s internal memory and can be booted into. The stock recovery of almost all Android devices provides a few basic yet handy options that allow you to factory reset your device and also to recover its operating system using an official ROM in zip format, but that’s all you can do with it. That’s where a custom recovery comes handy.

A custom Android recovery basically replaces the stock recovery with one that lets you do all you can do with the stock recovery, plus a plethora of more options to give you a lot more control on your device. With a custom recovery, you can install official and unofficial ROMs as well as other updates including apps, themes, kernels etc. using zip files, wipe not just user data but pretty much every partition on your device, mount the storage card for USB mass storage access without leaving recovery, partition your SD card, wipe Dalvik cache and battery stats, fix permissions, perform, manage and restore backups and so on.

Introduction To ClockworkMod

ClockworkMod recovery is one of the most widely used custom Android recoveries that is available for most mainstream Android devices. It is our custom recovery of choice here at AddictiveTips and almost every custom ROM that we install on our devices is done using this recovery.

ClockworkMod recovery has been developed by Koushik Dutta (also known as Koush) – the same guy who brought us the Android ROM Manager. He can be found at his blog hacking away at Android devices and at Twitter.

Installing ClockworkMod

What sets ClockworkMod recovery apart from most other custom Android recoveries is its dead simple installation process on most devices. It does require you to fully root your device in order to be installed but once rooted, installing it is as simple as installing ROM Manager from Market, launching it and using its first option i.e. the one that says ‘Flash ClockworkMod recovery’. We have this method covered in detail in our guide on how to install ClockworkMod recovery to your Android device.

However, in certain cases, this ROM Manager method will not work. The following scenarios will require alternative installation methods:

Your device doesn’t have an official version of ClockworkMod recovery released yet but you have found a custom version built by someone else using the ClockworkMod recovery source code.
Your device does have an official version of ClockworkMod recovery released but there is either a yet-unreleased official version or an unofficial version that you want or need to install instead.
Your device has some added protection enabled by the manufacturer preventing the automatic ROM Manager method for installing the recovery, as with some Samsung Galaxy S series devices.
Your device isn’t a native Android device but Android has been ported to run on it and it therefore requires a specialized method for installing ClockworkMod recovery, as with the HTC HD2.

We have most of these scenarios already covered and you can use the following guides to install ClockworkMod recovery if the automatic ROM Manager method fails for you.

Multiple devices:

Specific devices:

Booting Into ClockworkMod

Once you have ClockworkMod recovery installed on your Android device, booting into it is quite simple. All you have to do is launch ROM Manager and tap ‘Reboot into Recovery’.

Also, if you have ADB installed on your computer, you can simply enable USB debugging mode on your device from Settings > Applications > Development, connect it to your computer via USB, launch a Command Prompt / Terminal window on your computer and enter this command:

adb reboot recovery

The above methods will not work in certain cases though, for instance if you can’t boot into Android in the first place due to some issue, or if you are using a device like the HTC HD2 that doesn’t natively support an Android recovery. Many solutions are available in these cases.

Using hardware button combination on most Android devices:
On most Android devices including ones by HTC, you can enter recovery by powering your device off and then powering it back on while keeping either the ‘Volume Down’ or the ‘Volume-Up’ button pressed, depending on the device. This will enter the bootloader from where you can select the ‘RECOVERY’ option by navigating to it with the Volume key and entering it with the ‘Power’ key.
On most Samsung devices specifically Samsung Galaxy S series devices, you must keep both the ‘Volume-Up’ and ‘Home’ keys pressed while powering on the device, to directly enter recovery.
Using MAGLDR on HTC HD2:
Entering ClockworkMod recovery on the HTC HD2 can’t be done via ROM Manager or any hardware button combination but that doesn’t mean it is difficult in any way. All you have to do is power the device off, power it on by keeping the Power key pressed till you see the MAGLDR bootloader’s menu and finally selecting the ‘AD Recovery’ option.

Feature Tour

Now that you have ClockworkMod recovery up and running on your phone or tablet, let’s take a look at all the options it offers you to manage your Android device. We are using a Nexus S running ClockworkMod recovery 3.0.0.5 but the details should apply to other devices and other 3+ versions of the recovery as well, while versions prior to 3 will have some very minor changes that shouldn’t be an issue.

This is what you see when you reboot your device into ClockworkMod recovery:

You can navigate these options by using the Volume-Up and Volume-Down keys to highlight an option and the ‘Power’ key to enter/launch the highlighted option on most Android devices. On devices equipped with a trackball or an optical track pad such as G1, G2, Nexus One, HTC Desire etc., the trackball or track pad can be used for navigation and clicking it can be used to enter/launch the selected option. Let’s review each of these options and their sub-menu options in detail.

reboot system now
This one is self-explanatory.
apply update from sdcard
This can be used for installation of any official or unofficial update, ROM, kernel, theme etc. that is in a zip format installable from recovery, as long as the file is named update.zip and it has been placed on the root of your SD card (i.e. not in any sub-folder). Selecting this option (and most of the options featured below) will bring up a rather annoying confirmation prompt but this has saved us on multiple occasions from a lot of trouble we would have been into due to accidental key presses. This is what we are talking about:
wipe data/factory reset
This option wipes all user data on the device as well as cache. Doing this will leave your phone in the state it was in when you bought it or when any custom ROM was first installed. It will also wipe any sd-ext partition that you might have setup (more on this later).
wipe cache partition
Wipes the cache partition of the device to clear all the data accumulated there over use. This is often used before installing a new ROM, app, kernel or any similar mod via recovery.
install zip from sdcard
This option brings up the following sub-menu:
1. apply /sdcard/update.zip
  This one is essentially the same as the ‘apply update from sdcard’ option of the main menu.
2. choose zip from sdcard
  Lets you install any zip file (with any name) from any location on your SD card. The file can be for a ROM, a kernel, an application, a theme or any mod as long as it is in recovery-flashable zip format. This is the most widely used option for installing a ROM that you have downloaded and copied to your SD card. Entering this option will bring up a screen that will allow you to browse your SD card for the zip file and select it for installation as in this screenshot:
3. toggle signature verification
  Turns the signature verification on and off. When signature verification is on, you will not be able to install any custom ROMs that haven’t been signed by the developers (most custom ROMs aren’t signed). Switching it off skips the signature verification check and proceeds with the installation.
4. toggle script asserts
  Seldom-used option for a vast majority of users. It simply turns script asserts on or off. If you don’t know about these (we don’t), it’s best not to change this option.
5. +++++Go Back+++++
  Takes you back to the main recovery menu, obviously!
backup and restore Undoubtedly one of the most important features provided by a custom recovery, the backup and restore feature – also known as Nandroid backup – allows you to take a snapshot of your phone’s entire internal memory including all partitions, and save it on the SD card. Here is how it looks:
1. Backup
  Takes a Nandroid backup, as explained above.
2. Restore
  Lets you restore a previously taken backup. Entering this option presents you with a list of existing backups from the SD card that you can choose from for restoration.
3. Advanced Restore
  This option is similar to the Restore option but once a backup has been selected to be restored, this option allows you to choose what parts of it to restore. You can choose to restore the boot, system, data, cache and sd-ext partitions, as shown here:
mounts and storage
Allows you to perform maintenance tasks on all the internal and external partitions of your android device
1. mount/unmount /system, /data, /cache, /sdcard or /sd-ext
  These options let you toggle between mounting or unmounting these respective partitions. Most users don’t need to change these options.
2. format boot, system, data, cache, sdcard or sd-ext
  These let you directly format any of these partitions. Take extreme care with this option as formatting any of these partitions will result in losing all data on them, especially the boot and system partitions. Formatting the system partition will remove your ROM and leave your phone without an operating system while wiping the boot partition may brick your phone unless you restore or flash another one before rebooting your device. To learn more about the contents of all these partitions, see our guide to Android partitions.
3. mount USB storage
  Lets you enable USB mass storage mode for your SD card right from recovery so that you can connect it to your computer via USB and transfer any files to/from it without having to leave recovery.
advanced
This section contains a few options most users will not require, though these can come handy quite often, especially wiping Dalvik cache, which is required before most ROM installations. Here are the options from this section:
1. Reboot Recovery
  Lets you directly and very conveniently reboot from recovery right back into recovery. This is useful option for certain back-to-back installations that require the device to at least boot once between them.
2. Wipe Dalvik Cache
  Allows you to wipe the cache for the Dalvik virtual machine (the custom-built Java virtual machine for Android).This is required before most ROM installations and at other occasions too, for fixing some problems.
3. Wipe Battery Stats
  Wipes the saved battery usage statistics and effectively recalibrates the battery. Useful in various scenarios when Android isn’t showing correct battery levels.
4. Report Error
  In case of errors, this feature can be used to save a log of recent ClockworkMod recovery operations on the SD card that you can later report from Android using ROM Manager.
5. Key Test
  Lets you press any of the hardware keys to see if they are properly functioning, and to see their key codes.
6. Partition SD Card
  This option gives you a no-frills way to partition your SD card properly for use with ROMs that support data2ext (a very handy hack for low internal memory devices that enables an /sd-ext partition on the SD card to be used as the internal user data storage i.e. as the /data partition). Once this option is selected, you will be given options to choose the sizes for the /sd-ext partition as well as an optional /swap partition on the SD card, and will then automatically format it for you, leaving the remaining space for normal SD card usage. This option will wipe all data from your SD card so use it with caution!
7. Fix Permissions
  Fixes the file permissions for the internal memory partitions back to default. This is very useful as a fix for several errors and Force-Closes that start appearing after you or an application you installed and provided root access end up messing up the permissions of important files.

Using ClockworkMod For ROM, Kernel, Apps, Theme Or Mod Installation

While in the complete feature tour we have already shown you how to install a ROM, kernel, app, theme or any similar mod from a recovery-flashable zip file using the recovery options, those of you who jumped straight to this section expecting to get just this information quickly are at the right place!

This guide is primary focused on a full feature tour of ClockworkMod recovery but in our previously written guide on how to flash a ROM or app from a zip to an Android device file from recovery, we have already covered in detail how to use ClockworkMod for installing any ROM, kernel, app, theme or mod using a recovery-flashable zip file. While that guide is based on an older version of ClockworkMod recovery, everything in it still applies to the latest versions and should work flawlessly.

That’s all there is to ClockworkMod recovery so far. We hope you enjoy using it as much as we do!

How to Enjoy the Taste of Beer

Even though it's the oldest fermented drink in the world,^[1] beer isn't beloved by everyone and there is a fair sized group of people who just don't like the taste of beer. Yet when everyone else around you continues to extol the virtues of every bottle of beer they've consumed, you might begin to wonder just what it is you're missing out on.

You may not believe it right now but to many people, good beer drinking experiences are akin to tasting fine wine or single malt scotch; indeed, one of the tests of a fine beer is that it does taste good. For you, liking the taste of beer may have to be an acquired approach but it can grow on you gradually through a better understanding of which beers might taste better (to you) and how to serve each beer so that it is at its optimal flavor. Perhaps it's time to reacquaint yourself with beer and to find a taste in beer that does please you.

Steps

The ingredients in beer make all the difference to the taste

Learn about the basic ingredients of beers. The history of beer is fascinating and there are good histories you can read online or in books by beer devotees. Check the drinks section of your local library or bookstore for such books. In a nutshell for now, beer is the product of fermentation of extracts of malted cereals, in particular barley, and flavored with hops. Different countries have varying levels of strictness as to the "purity" of the beer brewing choices though. For example, under the German Purity Law (applicable in Germany and Norway),^[2] the only grain permitted is barley (along with malt, hops, yeast, and water).^[3] In most other countries, other grains rich in starch are also permitted to form the basis of beer, including maize, wheat, rice, rye, sorghum or oats. Barley continues to make up the majority of malt for beers though.

Malting/maltings is the term used for soaking the grain, allowing it to begin germination and then drying it under controlled conditions in a kiln. There are different malting processes too, with some brewers preferring the heavily labor-intensive floor malting while others use ventilated boxes.^[4]
Malt itself comes in a variety of flavors. The manner in which a grain has been malted affects its flavor, such as aromatic toasted malt, honey malt, and biscuit malt.^[5]
Hops come in a variety of flavors, depending on where they're grown. Some hops varieties have higher levels of essential oils, making for distinctive flavors, including herbal, mint, pine, floral, spicy, and citrus flavors.^[6] Premium hop growing regions are considered to be Europe and North America.^[7] Hops can be used uniquely or blended with other varieties of hops to create a more complex flavor.
Instead of hops, beer may also be flavored with many other ingredients including fruit (apples, cherries, apricots, peaches, etc.), grains of paradise, herbs and spices (ginger, cinnamon, chili, etc.), chocolate, coffee, licorice, thistle, heather, orange peel, elderberry, and even seaweed. Honey and maple syrup are also used to sweeten some beers. However, hops is the most common flavoring.^[8]
Added sugar has its own role to play in the taste of beer (that is, sugar that has not arisen from the grain itself). The addition of sugar can change the beer flavor; for example, Belgian beers can have a rum like flavor due to the addition of candy sugar while Australian lagers can taste like the cane sugar that is added to them, thinning the beer texture.^[9]

Familiarize yourself with the styles of beer.

Familiarize yourself with the styles of beer. There are four main categories of beer, namely ales/porters/stouts (top fermentation), lagers (bottom fermentation), wheat beer (top fermentation), and wild fermentation/lambic. The variety or style of beer impacts the taste and this may be where your dislike of beer has arisen if you have only tried very commercial, bland varieties. Beer taste is considered to be measurable on a spectrum of three: 1. Malty beer (sweet); 2. Hoppy beer (bitter); and 3. Dark beer (heavily roasted malt), to pale and heavy (more alcoholic), to light (session). Bitterness (from the hops and tannins) should never reach acridity;^[10] if it does, it's a beer very few people would like regardless of their love of beer! In the four main types of beer, you will find these flavor generalizations apply:^[11]

Ales, porters and stouts (English style): These beers tend to have fruitier flavors, such as strawberry, orange, or dessert apple flavors, and sometimes a butterscotch flavor.

Ales, porters and stouts (English style): These beers tend to have fruitier flavors, such as strawberry, orange, or dessert apple flavors, and sometimes a butterscotch flavor. The butterscotch flavor tends to be most evident in ales from northern Britain and from Scotland. Coffee and chocolatey flavors can be detected in some of these beers.
Lagers (German style): These beers tend to have an aroma of new-mown hay.

Lagers (German style): These beers tend to have an aroma of new-mown hay. Other detectable flavors in lagers can be fresh bread, cookies, caramel, etc. A truly clean lager will taste of nothing more than malted grains and hops (with all the varying flavor overtones of both the malt and the hops). They should be crisp.
Wheat beers: These beers tend to have varying flavors dependent on the source of yeast.

Wheat beers: These beers tend to have varying flavors dependent on the source of yeast. For example, yeast from South German beers can have such flavors as banana, bubblegum, and clove. Wheat beers should be tart and refreshing to taste.
Wild fermentation using yeasts from the air (lambics): These beers can taste acidic in a way similar to rhubarb, along with flavors added to them such as fruit.

Wild fermentation using yeasts from the air (lambics): These beers can taste acidic in a way similar to rhubarb, along with flavors added to them such as fruit. For some, this flavor can seem funky or sour, and it isn't to everyone's taste. Only a few breweries continue to use this style of brewing, so they tend to be boutique beers.

Try different beers.

Try different beers. Rather than judging your dislike of beer based on only a certain variety or even brand, prepare to broaden your experience by testing different styles of beer. It isn't possible to identify the "best" beers all in a single article; besides which, what is best to you may be very different from someone else's impressions. However, it is possible to point you in a general direction so that you know what to look for and try as you ease yourself into enjoying the taste of beer. The following steps suggest a few beer choices that you might like to try in order to broaden your beer palate.

Visit a brewery or microbrewery and sample local or small production run beers. Many beer oriented bars and restaurants brew on site. This is a great way to support the beer culture in your community and might even give you the opportunity to develop a liking for your local beer's flavor and style.
The best way to find great beer is to try as many as possible. If you see something on tap you've never seen before ask the bartender for a sample (they'll usually oblige), or take the plunge and get a pint! If you don't like it, at least you tried it (it helps to have friends who drink beer no matter what – you can offload the beers you don't want onto them).

Try a stronger tasting beer.

Try a stronger tasting beer. Stronger tasting beer might prove an interesting discovery for you, especially if you've only ever tried weak, sugary beer targeted at the mass market. You may find that a full-bodied beer will taste better to you even if you haven't enjoyed beers before. Stronger beers include stouts, ales and reds:

Imperial stouts are the extreme of the "dark" spectrum
India pale ales are the extreme of the "hoppy" spectrum
Flemish reds are the extreme of the funky/sour spectrum.
Barleywines are the extreme of the heavy/boozy spectrum.
Porters and milk stouts are the extreme of the malty/sweet spectrum.

Try a lighter beer.

Try a lighter beer. Session beers such as Kolsch, Dortmunder, Pilsners and pale ales tend to have lower alcohol, fewer calories and a lighter flavor. Make sure this kind of beer is cold and hasn't been exposed to light for a significant amount of time as light may make these kinds of beers skunky and undrinkable. And believe it or not, Guinness is a light beer too!

Try cask-conditioned beer.

Try cask-conditioned beer. This is the English style of serving. Drawn beers have much less carbonation than bottled or draught beer, and have added flavor from the cask. Cask conditioning can greatly change the character of familiar beers. Visit a traditional pub in England (or one that has been set up in your own country with the same style of cask-conditioned beer) and enjoy. Typical English beers include brown and pale Whitbread, pale ale, and British beers include Scottish Gordon (at Christmas time) and Irish Guinness.^[12]

Beer from around the world

Try beer from different countries. Beer making has a long history in almost every culture and due to the natural conditions for growing grains, hops, and other additions, as well as variations to the brewing process, you'll find that beers from elsewhere will usually have very different tastes and flavors. This exploration may even unearth a particular variety of beer that you truly enjoy even if all other beers are still disliked! A few examples of beers from other countries to try include:^[13]

German beers from Bremen, Cologne, Dortmund, and Munich (Spaten, Kapuziner, and Löwenbräu). Berliner Weisse and smoked Bamberg beer are other options from Germany.
Belgian beers such as Gueuze, Kriek, Roddenbach, Chimay, and Jumet.
Czech beers such as Czech Pilsner (pilsner Urquell) and Czech Budweis.
French beers such as Champigneulles, Kanterbräu, Mutzig, Meuse, Kronenbourg and Ancre Old Lager.
Danish beers such as Carlsberg or Dutch beers such as Heineken. These tend to be very light but bitter.
Other countries producing beer you might consider trying include Argentina, Chile, Mexico, Singapore, India, the Philippines, Australia, New Zealand, and Russia. Indeed, most countries where alcohol is part of the culture will have its own beers. And naturally, if you're not from North America, try beers from the USA and Canada; even if you are from here, have you tried boutique brewery (microbrewery) beers?

Drink beer at the right temperature

Drink the beer at the correct temperature suggested for the variety. If you consume beer at the wrong temperature (for example, too warm or too cold), some of its flavor elements will be anesthetized and therefore the beer may taste bland or one element of the fine balance might overwhelm the other flavors in the beer. The best serving temperatures for beer are as follows:^[14]

Light beer should be consumed at 7ºC to 9ºC.
Dark beer should be consumed at room temperature or wine cellar temperature.
Every kind of beer has to be enjoyed in a certain way. Research on the internet for the best temperature, the most appropriate glass, possible mixers, etc. Enjoying a beer appropriately served is the only way to fairly judge it.
Store beer properly; opened beer deteriorates quickly and isn't pleasant to resume drinking. Beer that hasn't been stored properly can become skunky (it tastes just at it reads!), which can put off even a diehard beer lover. Read How to Store Beer Properly for more details on good beer storage.

Use the right glassware for drinking beer.

Use the right glassware for drinking beer. For some people, the whole drinking from the bottle and can is enough to put them off the beer drinking experience. Therefore, it's good to know that there is appropriate glassware for beer:

Use balloon glasses and tumblers for normal beers.
Use tulip or tall beer glasses for very frothy beers.
Use ceramic tankards if in Germany or at the Oktoberfest; pewter tankards for English beer.
Beers are not soft drinks, so don't drink them with ice. Beer is watered down by ice, adversely affecting the taste.
Don't drink beer from a frosted mug, as it can cause some of the beer to freeze which spoils the taste.

Have the right atmosphere when enjoying a beer.

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What Is ClockworkMod Recovery And How To Use It On Android [Complete Guide]

About Android Recovery

Introduction To ClockworkMod

Installing ClockworkMod

Booting Into ClockworkMod

Feature Tour

Using ClockworkMod For ROM, Kernel, Apps, Theme Or Mod Installation

What is Fastboot?

Pre-requisites

- You must have ADB drivers installed for your device. Some devices have fastboot specific drivers too, so Google that for your device.

- Fastboot package, available HERE.

Typical Partition Layout

recovery

N/A

A 'backup' kernel, initrd, and OS for system recovery / maintenance

mtdblock1

Can flash custom recovery.img (Amon_Ra, ClockworkMod, etc).

boot

boot.img

The main kernel and ramdisk

mtdblock2

Can flash custom boot.img

system

system.img

The main OS

mtdblock3

This is the /system partition

cache

cache.img

Temp storage

mtdblock4

Unused.

userdata

data.img

User data and settings

mtdblock5

This is the /data partition

Examples

Manual Nandroid restore

Make a Nandroid backup, and copy the folder off your SD card to your desktop.

cd ~/Desktop/path/to/backup/fastboot flash userdata data.imgfastboot flash system system.imgfastboot flash boot boot.imgfastboot reboot

Flash Custom Recovery.img

fastboot flash recovery /path/to/.imgfastboot reboot

Flash Custom boot.img

You should make a Nandroid backup first, in case you need to recover your boot.img

fastboot flash boot /path/to/.imgfastboot reboot

Development

If you are developing a kernel, you may find it helpful to delete your boot.img and recovery.img to force booting into fastboot:

fastboot erase bootfastboot erase recovery

You can then manually boot from your custom kernel and a ramdisk:

fastboot boot

Once you have a working kernel and ramdisk, you can automagically combine them within fastboot:

fastboot flash:raw boot

NOTE - THANKS TO THE CYANOGENMOD WIKI FOR THE BASE FOR THIS GUIDE

What is the firmware ?

What is FullMAC ?

What is SoftMAC ?

How to Enjoy the Taste of Beer

Steps

A 'backup' kernel, initrd, and OS
for system recovery / maintenance

cd ~/Desktop/path/to/backup/
fastboot flash userdata data.img
fastboot flash system system.img
fastboot flash boot boot.img
fastboot reboot

fastboot flash recovery /path/to/.img
fastboot reboot

fastboot flash boot /path/to/.img
fastboot reboot

fastboot erase boot
fastboot erase recovery